The HER2 antibodies market is poised to display healthy growth in the near future. Continual research on HER2- specific antibodies for treating tumors, especially metastatic breast cancer is a key factor driving the HER2 antibodies market.
In a recent development, collaboration between researchers at Genentech and UCLA showed that HER2-specific antibodies could suppress the growth of HER2-positive tumors in mice. In normal conditions, controlled production of HER2 is required for normal cell growth and differentiation. However, in abnormal conditions, especially cancers such as breast cancer and ovarian cancer, proliferation of HER2 is uncontrollable.
Taking a cue from studies, due to the essential role of HER2 in HER signaling network, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies have been developed. These HER2-monoclonal antibodies are developed mainly for cancer therapy. For example, the humanized Mab trastuzumab serves to provide antitumor activity against overexpressing HER2 human breast tumor cells.
Functionally, trastuzumab induces HER2 receptor down modulation. As a result, critical signaling pathways is inhibited and blocks cell cycle progression by inducing the formation of p27/Cdk2 complexes.
Trastuzumab works in other ways too. The drug inhibits HER2 cleavage, prior to antibody-induced receptor down modulation. This effect is postulated to contribute towards antitumor activity, especially in some cancers.
However, trastuzumab has limitations. It works largely against breast cancer that displays highest degree of HER2 overexpression or HER2 gene amplification.
Targeted Therapies for HER2 positive work precisely on Target Cells
Anatomically, HER2 is a growth-inducing protein on the exterior of breast cells. Breast cancer cells that have more than normal levels of HER2 are called HER2-positive. Women diagnosed with breast cancer need to be diagnosed for their HER2 status. This helps use of drugs that target HER2 protein.
The expanding number of targeted therapy to treat HER2-positive conditions is paving way for the growth of HER2 antibodies market. This includes novel drug molecules such as trastuzumab, pertuzumab, ado-trastuzumab emtansine, lapatinib, and neratinib. These targeted drugs are developed to target cell changes for HER2-positive individuals. Unlike chemotherapy drugs, targeted therapy for HER2-positive individuals restricts to work on malignant cells.
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Types of HER2 Antibodies work differently
The various key HER2 antibodies differ in terms of their composition and efficacy. For example, trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody, which is a synthetic version of a specific protein produced in the immune system. It is often given with chemo, but it is sometimes used on its own.
HER2 antibodies are administered at intervals. For example, trastuzumab HER2 antibodies are used for both early and late stage breast cancer. If administered before or after surgery for the treatment of early breast cancer, the drug is usually given for a period of 6 months to one year. On the other hand, advanced breast cancer is treated administering the drug as long as it works. The drug is administered using IV and is infused in a period of 30 – 90 minutes.
Trastuzumab is available in a few types, which includes trastuzumab and hyaluronidase-oysk injection. The drug is administered as subcutaneous shots that takes 2 to 5 minutes to inject.
On the other hand, HER2 antibody such as pertuzumab can be administered along with trastuzumab and chemo. The drug is use either before surgery for the treatment of early stage breast cancer, or to treat advanced breast cancer. On the downside, targeted therapies to treat HER2-positive can have side effects too. Women treated with HER2 antibodies for HER2-positive breast cancer may sometimes develop heart disease.